All terms

Glossary

NAT gateway

The service through which resources in private subnets reach the internet. Billed per hour and per gigabyte processed.

A NAT gateway costs a base fee per hour plus a charge per gigabyte passing through. Together that makes it one of the least conspicuous large items on an AWS bill.

It usually becomes expensive not through real internet traffic but through calls to AWS services that travel over the internet instead of a private endpoint.

How you notice it

  • There is a four-figure NAT item on the bill without much internet traffic.
  • Applications in private subnets access S3, DynamoDB or SQS.
  • There are several NAT gateways, one per availability zone, all running around the clock.

Frequently asked

How do I reduce NAT gateway cost?

For S3 and DynamoDB set up a gateway endpoint, which is free and routes traffic past the NAT. For other AWS services there are interface endpoints, which cost per hour but save the data transfer. What remains is genuine internet traffic, and that is usually small.

Read moreHidden architecture costs on AWS